Hypoid Gears

Hypoid gears are a type of spiral bevel gear that transmit power between non-intersecting, offset shafts. This design allows for a unique combination of rolling and sliding motion between the teeth, resulting in a number of performance benefits.

Key Characteristics
• Axis Offset: Unlike standard bevel gears where the axes intersect, hypoid gears have an offset between their rotational axes. The distance between the axes is a key design feature.
• Curved Teeth: They feature curved, oblique teeth, similar in appearance to spiral bevel gears. The tooth surface is a complex, hyperbolic shape.
• Motion: The gear meshing involves both rolling and a significant amount of sliding action along the tooth surfaces. This sliding action helps ensure smooth and quiet operation but necessitates special lubrication.
• Larger Pinion: The offset allows for a larger pinion (the smaller gear) diameter than an equivalent bevel gear pinion, which increases tooth strength and contact area.
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Common Applications
Hypoid gears are extensively used in applications where high torque, quiet operation, and a compact right-angle drive are needed.
• Automotive Differentials: Their primary use is in the final drive of rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive vehicles, where the offset design allows the driveshaft to sit lower, improving vehicle design and stability.
• Heavy-Duty Machinery: They are used in industrial power transmission, winches, hoists, and construction equipment like excavators due to their robust load capacity.
• Motion Control Systems: The precision and high torque handling of hypoid gears make them suitable for use in robotics and automation systems.